Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG)and anti-TEM1 antibody fragment (78Fc) and loaded with necrosis-inducing agent shikonin (SHK)(78Fc-PLGA-SHK NPs) is a highly effective immunostimulating nanomedicine against theTEM1-expressing cells for targeted therapy of solid tumors.